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S. K. Verma , B. S. Rana , B. P. Singh

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B. S. Rana , A. K. S. Parihar , B. P. Singh

Abstract

A total of 13 tree species (MPTS) were planted on sodic land in 1987. Soil profile (upto 1m depth) revealed silt clay loam texture of the soil indicating high pH. Soil organic carbon content and nutrients (N, P and K) declined with increase in soil depth. Of the total species planted, four species viz., Casuarina equisetifolia, Eucalyptus hyhrid, Dalbergia sissoo and Leucaena leucocephala reflected conceivably better growth than rest of the species. Total tree biomass attained by afore-mentioned species at the eight year age was in the order : L. leucocephala (199.6 t ha^-1 ) > C. equisetifolia (197.3 t ha^-1 ) > Eucalyptus hybrid (136.6 t ha^-1 ) > D. sissoo (62.2 t ha^-1).

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S. K. Verma , B. S. Rana , B. P. Singh

Abstract

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B. S. Rana , R. K. Khanna , S. K. Verma

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Carbon and nutrient budgets for two Central Himalayan Sal (Shorea robusta Gaertn.) forests (Sal old growth and new growth forests) are described. The total Carbon storage in Sal old growth forest (379 t Cha^-1) was greater than Sal new growth forest (242 t Cha^-1). However, net primary productivity values (9.3-10.11C ha^-1yr^-1) revealed almost similar potential of both forests. Of the total carbon uptake in ecosystem, the net accumulation accounted for 33%. Of the total nutrient storage in two forests, vegetation pool accounted for 53-54% N; 67.72%, P; 90-93% K; 18034% Ca; and 77-78% Na. The net primary productivity and nutrient uptake in Sal new growth forest were higher than that of old growth forest, irrespective of nutrient storage in biomass. The total nutrient uptake (kg ha^-1 yr^-1) by the vegetation was: 155-178N; 13-15P; 73-85K; 119-135 Ca; and 7-8 Na in two forests. Under relatively undisturbed condition, Central Himalayan Sal forests are efficient carbon sink and nutrient rich ecosystems.

Keywords

Shorea robusta , Carbon and Nutrient Cycling, Central Himalayan Sal Forests

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P. Mehta , B. S. Rana , S. K. Verma

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Nursery raised teak (Tectona grandis) seedlings were given different fertilizer levels of Nitrogen (N), Phosohorus (P) and their combinations to ascertain changes in growth (seedling height and collar diameter) and seedling dry weight. In general, the seedling growth as well as dry weight increased along with increasing doze. Amongst individual application maximum seedling growth and dry weight was indicated at 150 mg level of N. Although, P application also indicated similar pattern, however N application was superior P application. In case of the combined use of N+P fertilizers, growth showed a clear-cut increase along treatments indicating maximum seedling growth (34.6 cm seedling height and 11.48 mm collar diameter) and biomass (65.62 g dry weight seedling) at 100 mg N+75 mg P level). Significant linear relationship (r² = 7.8 to 8.8; p<0.01) was evident for different parametersunder study.

Keywords

Seedling Growth, Biomass, Fertilizers, Nursery Stock

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V. P. Upadhyaya , R. P. Singh , B. S. Rana

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An in-situ soil respiration study was conducted in landslide damaged and undamaged pine and oak forests of Central Himalaya to evaluate the seasonal differences in CO₂ evolution in different components of the soil system. Higher respiration rates were observed in rainy season (September) across all sites followed by summer and low in winter season. Soil respiration on 8 and 30 year old damaged sites was 86 and 20% less than the undamaged site, respectively. Across all sites increase in soil respiration was positively related to age of site. Litter removal reduced total respiration by 18%. Bulk density, soil N concentration and air temperature explained 90, 78 and 80% variability in total respiration. The respiration rates of Central Himalayan forests roughly equal the respiration rates of tropical rain forests.

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L. S. Lodhiyal , B. S. Rana , R. P. Singh

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Biomass and net primary productivity estimates of eight year poplar (Populus deltoides D-121 clone) plantation are described. Of the total biomass (176.4 t ha^-1) and net primary productivity (24.5 t ha^-1yr^-l) trees accounted for 96.4% and 89% respectively. Present estimates of biomass and NPP are higher than other fast growing poplar and Eucalyptus species of the region. Therefore, it is suggested in the favourable conditions of the Central Himalayan Tarai the trees of P. deltoides D-121 clone should be harvested in eight year short rotation period.

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B. S. Rana , L. S. Lodhiyal , R. P. Singh

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Cuttings obtained from one year old poplar plants or stool shoots gave better nursery stock than the cuttings obtained from older trees. Longer cuttings (35 cm length) gave better growth as well as survival of plants than smaller cuttings. Thicker cuttings (2.5 cm diameter) proved better than thinner cuttings (1-2 cm diameter). Best time of planting was January and in no case planting of cuttings beyond February is advisable. Of the various a pre-treatments, the soaking of cuttings in water for 12 hours before planting gave better results. Different spacings tried had no significant effect on survival of plants in nursery. The 40 × 60 cm spacing is recommended for best height and diameter growth.

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R. P. Singh , B. S. Rana , S. C. Garkoti

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This paper deals with pattern of biomass, net primary production and relative growth rate of three dominant species (Shorea robusta, Madhuca indica and Buchanania lanzan) along a tree girth or age series within tropical dry deciduous forest. Total tree biomass for the species ranged between 651475.0 kg per tree for a corresponding range of 15-95 cm gbh (girth at breast height). Bole and branches accounted for 90.95% of total above-ground biomass. Roots showed 13.37% of the total tree biomass. Logarithmic regression equations relating tree components and total tree biomass to gbh were quite satisfactory. Mean annual production and current annual production increased with age for all three species. In each species leaves accounted for the largest proportion of the cumulative production during the life time of the tree. The largest proportion of biomass resided in the hole. Relative growth rate showed a decreasing trend with increase in age or gbh of a tree.

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H. C. Rikhari , J. C. Tewari , B. S. Rana , S. Sharma

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Woody species composition, diversity and population structure of tree species of an oak forest is described. Quercus leucotrichophora and Q. floribunda are predominant tree species. The diversity is generally higher for trees than for saplings. Q. leucotrichophora exhibit poor regeneration, whereas frequent reproduction is shown by Q. floribunda. Density-diameter distribution curve for whole forest exhibit a hump in the centre (around Intermediate size classes) having concave appearance toward. left and conVex towards right side in the semilogrithmic graph.

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B. S. Rana , R. P. Singh

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Plant biomass and net primary production of a mixed banj oak (Quercus leucotrichophora A.Camus)-chir pine (Pinus roxburghii Sarg) forest are described. Of the total forest biomass (4328 t ha^-1) and net primary production (18.9 t ha^-1 yr^-l) trees accounted for 98.5% and 84.1% respectively. Present estimates are comparable with the forest communities of highly favourable environment.

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B. S. Rana , A. K. Saxena , S. K. Verma

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This paper deals with certain studies viz., plantation methods, nursery, growth and dry matter dynamics of Multipurpose Tree Species (MPTS) plantations, soil position and productive potential of agroforestry systems in sodic wasteland. In nursery studies, growth responses of one-year old seedlings of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. and Acacia nilotica (Linn.) Willd. ex. Del. seedlings showed that growth and dry weight decreased as the level of sodicity and salinity increased in both species. The response breadths in case of both species were comparatively higher under sodicity levels than under salinity levels. Amongst MPTS plantations, the stand biomass for different species ranged from 81 to 171 tha^-1 (Populus deltoides vs Casuarina equisetifolia). Total annual litter fall in different plantations ranged from 217 to 609 gm^-2 yr^-1. Under different agri-silviculture systems the grain yields of wheat and paddy were lower than that of open field condition. In case of 9-12 year old agroforestry systems, total carbon storage in biomass (above and blow ground components of trees and crops) ranged from 46.1 t C ha^-1 (P. deltoides based agri-silvicultural system) to 51.9 t C ha^-1 (C. equisetifolia based agri-silvicultural system). Carbon storage under C. equisetifolia- Psidium guajava based agri-silvi-horticultural system was 54.2 t C ha^-1, which was highest amongst all AF systems. Amongst grasses, Pennisetum purpureum showed maximum herbage yield under Dalbergia sissoo based silvipastoral system. In a mixed tree stand, the total herbage net primary production for Brachiaria mutica was greater than that of open area. On both stands, the production was maximum during rainy season and minimum during summer. In C. equisetifolia based agri-silvi-horticultural system the fresh rhizome yield for turmeric was 8.6 t ha^-1, which was greater than the yield (7.6 t ha^-1) obtained in open area. There was an overall improvement in soil physico-chemical properties under agroforestry systems.

Keywords

Agro Forestry Research, Sodic Wasteland, Dalbergia Sissoo, Acacia Nilotica

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S.K. Verma ¹, B. S. Rana ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture & Forestry N.D. University of Agriculture & Technology, Kumarganj, Faizabad (U. P.), IN

Abstract

An investigation was under taken to monitor the performance of tree growth and crop yields of paddy and wheat under Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm. based agri-silvicultural system at farmer's field of Amaniganj block of Faizabad district. The -1 -1 average annual growth in tree height and dbh were 1.24 m and 0.89 cm tree yr , respectively. The light intensity recorded was maximum in open crop than under tree canopy. The results indicated that paddy grain yield was 14.7- -1 -1 19.7% less under tree canopy (1.99 t ha ) than open area (2.34 t ha ). However, under tree canopy, the wheat grain yield -1 (1.49 t ha ) was 26.4-34.6% lower than that of open cultivation. It is evident from the experiment that paddy tolerates little suppression of reduced light under tree canopy and does not face too severe decline in grain yield. On contrary, wheat being a strong light demander experiences relatively greater suppression in grain yield.

Keywords

Light Intensity, Eucalyptus Tereticornis, Wheat, Paddy, Tree Canopy.

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B. S. Rana ¹, Dinesh Kachhawa ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology, Rajasthancollege of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur (rajasthan), IN

Abstract

Extensive use of chemical insecticides for termite management has lead to hazardous residual impact on plant health. Moreover, they are very expensive and also toxic to human beings. Therefore, there is a demand to develop an alternative safe economic and eco-friendly bio agent to control the termite population under maize field condition. In the present investigation, the bio-agents i.e. Beauveria bassiana, Metarrhizium anisopliae and Paecilomyces fumosoroseus were used @ 5x1013 spore /ha and @ 5x1013 spore /ha FYM to enrich formulation and all the bio-agents have shown the promising results in in vivo in suppression of termite population in maize field. Similarly, the antagonistic fungi improved the germination as well as reduced the plant mortality caused by termite and improved the yield of maize as compared to untreated control. Result of entire study indicated a possibility of obtaining a powerful suppression of termite population by using plant beneficial bio-agents.

Keywords

Beauveria Bassiana, Metarrhizium Anisopliae, Paecilomyces Fumosoroseus, Bio-efficacy And Termite

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